Texto publicado também no blog do enTocado Soares Júnior:
http://mortevidapoesia.blogspot.com.br/
***
Publiquei recentemente no grupo do Facebook da Toca CE um texto de crítica a uma crítica publicada no site “Cinema com rapadura” sobre o filme “O Hobbit”:
No referido texto, o crítico faz uma série de comentários através dos quais tenta mostrar que a adaptação cinematográfica de O Senhor dos Anéis é “superior” a adaptação de O Hobbit em 10 pontos. Como leitor e estudioso da literatura de Tolkien, senti-me na obrigação de fazer algumas considerações.
O crítico do acima citado site enumerou os pontos nos quais o “Hobbit” é inferior ao Senhor dos Anéis em 10 e farei considerações sobre os 10 pontos separadamente. Aqui vão:
“Ponto 1 : Longo demais, conteúdo de menos”
O Hobbit, como primeira obra de J.R.R. Tolkien, foi pensado para crianças de até 12 anos. Este era o público alvo do escritor e por isso a linguagem do livro é menos rebuscada do que a do Senhor dos Anéis. A história se passa em vários pontos paralelos. Ele menciona o “vilão Smaug” quase não aparece… o vilão do livro não é o Smaug, não é a toa que nem são os anões que o matam… o grande tema da história é outro. É o superar a ganância e a arrogância mesmo possuindo tudo. Os dragões na mitologia ocidental são símbolos de ganância e avareza, como diz Joseph Campbell em seu livro “O Poder do Mito”. Por isso, simbolicamente, ele surge quando a ganância dos anões crescem.
Enquanto os anões e o Bilbo estão na entrada secreta de Erebor, Galdalf está resolvendo o problema do “Necromante” que se revela depois como Sauron, na obra seguinte. O livro apenas menciona isso e o filme mostrará. Todos estas histórias paralelas estão nos apêndices do Senhor dos Anéis. Quanto a não ser fiel, concordo, não estamos lendo o livro, mas até porque quando se estuda semiótica percebe-se que toda adaptação passa pelo pressuposto de ser diferente e não igual. Então assim também não é válido comparar as páginas dos livros para justificar o tamanho do filme. Ele se perde no argumento. Temos que lembrar que quando Tolkien escreveu o Hobbit ele nem sabia que iria escrever o Senhor dos Anéis. Inclusive a segunda edição de o Hobbit ele muda o capítulo 5, Adivinhas no escuro, para dar mais importância ao Anel que na primeira edição sequer tinha esta importância. Sugiro que ele releia as obras, com mais atenção desta vez.
“Ponto 2: Roteiro “quem se importa”
Segundo o crítico, a história é clichê por causa da temática ser pouco épica. Discordo. Os anões querem recuperar aquilo que lhes foi tirado, o lar e a honra. O tesouro é uma metáfora para isso, inclusive a Pedra de Arken representa muito mais para Thorin do que todo o ouro que lá existe, porque ela simboliza a glória dos anões. Precisa se ver além dos símbolos para perceber a grandeza da obra.
“Ponto 3: Viagem Inesperada? Não, Filme Inesperado!
Não sei por que ele fala isso, se o argumento dele é sobre a habilidade do Bilbo na luta com o Orc. Contra o Orc, Bilbo apenas se defendeu, em reflexo aos ataques, em momento algum ele atacou. Na frente de Gollum ele estava com medo, por isso o nervosismo com a arma na mão. Mas não entendi porque ele fala sobre isso, se o título do ponto não tem a ver com isso… :/
“Ponto 4: Passagens desnecessárias!”
Novamente aqui ele parece que não leu as obras com atenção e nem os apêndices do Senhor dos Anéis. Radagast tem uma importância sumária em o Senhor dos Anéis e no Hobbit. As águias são amigas de Gandalf por causa dele e é ele quem envia as águias com Gandalf para salvarem o Frodo após o Um Anel ser destruído. Tom Bombadil não tem importância para o fio condutor cinematográfico de o Senhor dos Anéis. É um ser primordial da Terra Média e que não sofre influência do Anel. Radagast é do Conselho dos Magos que expulsam o Necromante de Dol Guldur . Comentário e comparação infeliz.
“Ponto 5: Infantil, não quer dizer estúpido!”
Não achei os anões estúpidos e em alguns momentos achei o filme pesado demais com cenas de luta mais violentas do que as descritas no livro, bem mais puxadas para o Senhor dos Anéis. Na verdade a maioria dos anões realmente são brincalhões no livro e nem todos tem a mesma atenção e importância. Isso é natural em uma obra com vários personagens. Fora isso, acho que o termo “estúpido”, no meu ponto de vista, deveria ser usado com mais cuidado em uma crítica, eu mesmo poderia o ter usado aqui, mas preferi não.
“Ponto 6: Trilha Sonora repetitiva e pouco original.”
Não achei. Todo as as canções estão no livro. E ele faz modificações de ritmo e intenções da música tema para deixá-la mais puxada para ação ou tristeza. Gostei.
“Ponto 7: Não é épico como O Senhor dos Anéis.”
Neste ponto o comentário dele, no meu ponto de vista, é novamente equivocado. A aventura dos anões não é épica?! Recuperar um lar de uma raça que a anos vive errante sem ter onde aportar e para isso ter que enfrentar uma das forças mais horrendas da Terra Média, o dragão Smaug, não é épico?!
O tesouro novamente é o de menos para os anões. Ele apenas entendeu superficialmente o sentido da “quest” dos anões.
“Ponto 8: É menos arte. É mais produto!
Ponto 9: É a prova do caça níquel”
Vou comentar estes dois pontos juntos. Para a indústria do cinema, é isso o que importa. O Dinheiro! Peter Jackson, apesar disso, tenta trazer o universo maravilhoso de Tolkien de forma fiel sem esquecer de satisfazer os fãs, mas também os sangue-sugas do cinema.
“Ponto 10: Oscar? Só nos quesitos técnicos e olha lá…”
Quanto a isso, é um mistério. A academia premia por motivos inesperados e de interesse. Neste ponto nem quero comentar porque é o de menos.
Sugiro que o crítico leia com mais rigor metodológico as obras de Tolkien, e também “O Poder do Mito” e “O herói de mil faces” de Joseph Campbell. Indico também os pensamentos de Andre Lefevere sobre adaptação.
***
Soares Júnior
Membro da Toca CE e formando em história pela Universidade Federal do Ceará com especial interesse por mitologia.
Eu concordo com tudo que os amigos da Toca CE disseram, só gostaria de sugerir uma pequena correção no nome do Radagast, colocaram Radagash.
Obrigado, Frederico! Corrigido – deslize nosso na hora da edição :-)
Também concordo com Soares… não gostei nada dos comentários do pessoal do Cinema com Rapadura, e em se tratando das obras de Tolkien sou muito radical, por isso nem acesso mais o site do Cinema com Rapadura, para mim eles perderam todo o respaldo de falar sobre qualquer outro filme, imagine sobre as obras de Tolkien!
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